Amnesty International (2024) Report (multilateral / development partner)

Entity Resolution in India's Welfare Digitalization (Technical Explainer)

Amnesty International

Ref: SRC-002-IND-005

https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2024/04/entity-resolution-in-indias-welfare-digitalization/

Accessed: 3/24/2026

Summary

Technical explainer providing detailed analysis of entity resolution methodology used in Samagra Vedika. Describes three-phase process (preprocessing/blocking, comparison/matching, clustering). Reports system processes over 380 million individual records. Documents failed year-long audit attempt due to proprietary access barriers. Analyses tolerance threshold trade-offs and embedded incentives favouring cost savings over beneficiary protection. Notes replication across other Indian states.

View Harvard reference

Amnesty International (2024) 'Entity Resolution in India's Welfare Digitalization' (Technical Explainer). London: Amnesty International. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2024/04/entity-resolution-in-indias-welfare-digitalization/ (Accessed: 24 March 2026).

Linked Cases (1)

IND-005 IND Scaled & Institutionalised

Samagra Vedika – AI-Enabled Entity Resolution for Welfare Eligibility (Telangana, India)

Social assistance Classical ML